DeFi-native security researchers who understand composability risks, economic attacks, and protocol-specific vulnerability patterns.
DeFi protocols face unique threats that generic auditors miss: oracle manipulation, flash loan attacks, composability risks, economic exploits, and governance vulnerabilities. Our team has first-hand experience building and securing DeFi protocols — from lending markets to liquid staking to tokenized vaults.
Invariant testing is particularly effective for DeFi because it can explore complex multi-step attack paths that manual review alone would miss.
| Vulnerability Category | Example | How Invariant Testing Catches It |
|---|---|---|
| Price Manipulation | Oracle stale price / TWAP manipulation | Fuzzes price feeds across extreme ranges while testing protocol invariants |
| Reentrancy | Cross-function / cross-contract reentrancy | Stateful sequences automatically test callback patterns |
| Economic Exploits | Donation attacks, sandwich extraction | Tests value conservation invariants across arbitrary transaction orderings |
| Access Control | Missing role checks, privilege escalation | Actor-based testing ensures unauthorized callers cannot break invariants |
| Rounding Errors | Share inflation, precision loss in yields | Arithmetic invariants catch rounding issues across millions of operations |
| Liquidation Logic | Cascading liquidations, bad debt accumulation | Stress-tests liquidation paths under extreme market conditions |
Our DeFi audit portfolio includes Liquity (BOLD v2), Centrifuge (ERC-7540 vaults), Badger DAO, Corn, Credit Coop, Apollon, Beraborrow, and more. We've helped protect over $3 billion in aggregate TVL across lending, staking, vault, and governance protocols.
Yes. We've audited lending protocols including Liquity v2 (BOLD), and have deep experience with Aave, Compound, and custom lending architectures. Our invariant suites specifically test solvency, liquidation, and interest rate invariants.
Absolutely. Our invariant testing approach is designed for composability — we test how your protocol behaves when interacting with external contracts, oracles, and other DeFi primitives under adversarial conditions.
Yes. Our invariant test suites include value conservation properties that catch economic attacks including flash loan exploits, sandwich extraction, donation attacks, and other value extraction vectors.
We audit the implementation contracts and verify that upgrade paths don't introduce storage collisions or break existing invariants. We can also write invariant tests that validate behavior across upgrades.
DeFi audit pricing depends on protocol complexity and scope. A focused DeFi protocol (1,000-5,000 nSLOC) typically runs $30K-$80K for combined manual review and invariant testing. Larger protocols with multiple integrations can reach $120K+. See our full pricing breakdown for details by audit type.
Talk to our DeFi security specialists about your protocol's needs.
Send Audit RequestThorough manual review combined with invariant testing — the most rigorous approach to smart contract security available today.
We write the invariant tests that catch the bugs your manual audit missed — then hand you a test suite you can run forever.
Deep Solidity expertise combined with automated invariant testing — covering every EVM chain from Ethereum to L2s.
Cloud-powered fuzzing infrastructure that runs Echidna, Medusa, Halmos, and Foundry — 12,500+ campaigns and counting.