DEFI SECURITY
6 articles tagged "defi security"
Why Invariant Testing Matters for DeFi Security
Unit tests check what you think of. Invariant tests check what you don't. Here's why every DeFi protocol needs invariant testing and how it has saved millions in real engagements.
Do you need a smart contract audit?
If your contract holds user funds, controls access to funds, or governs protocol parameters that affect funds, you need an audit. Here's how to decide what type fits your situation.
How much does a smart contract audit cost in 2025?
A smart contract audit costs between $15,000 and $120,000 for most DeFi protocols. Here's a full breakdown of pricing by audit type, what drives cost, and how to get the most value from your budget.
Flash loan exploits: how they work and how invariant testing catches them
Flash loans let anyone borrow millions for a single transaction. When combined with reentrancy or oracle manipulation, they drain protocols in one block. Here's how invariant testing catches what unit tests can't.
Access control bugs in Solidity: real hacks and property-based defense
A missing modifier. A delegatecall to an untrusted address. Access control bugs have caused some of the largest losses in DeFi history. Here's how to find them with property-based testing.
ZK circuit security: constraint bugs, witness leaks, and audit patterns
ZK circuits aren't programs — they're constraint systems. The bugs look different: under-constrained signals, witness malleability, missing range checks. Here's how to audit them.